Disentangling prediabetes with diabetes using big data: the case of non-diabetic hyperglycaemia
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Type 2 diabetes is a growing and global problem that is projected to affect 10% of the world’s adult population by 2030. The condition is often associated with obesity, but diabetes risk can also be enhanced by genetic or environmental factors.
Participants in the English programme attend a minimum of 13 sessions, during which they are counselled on how to eat a healthy diet and maintain a healthy weight. Eligibility for the programme is determined by blood sugar level: once this biomarker climbs above a certain threshold, a person is considered prediabetic and at high risk of developing diabetes.
An experiment was preformed by the Epidemiologist atSTANFORD University and his colleagues at the cut-off point. People with scores slightly below the threshold are rarely referred to the programme — even though there is no such sharp boundary in biological diabetes risk.
The study did not analyse whether participants went on to develop type 2 diabetes, but even small drops in blood sugar have been associated with improvements in cardiovascular health, among other benefits, Geldsetzer says.
Overall, the outcome is similar to those found in clinical trials and smaller evaluations of prevention programmes, says Earle Chambers, an epidemiologist at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York City. But the high rate of attrition from the programme is a concern, he adds: less than one-third of people who are referred to the programme actually start it, and fewer still complete it.
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